Marxism - is a political and social theory based on the works of Karl Marx

Marxist Ideologies
Capitalism is based on the profit motive and exploits workers.

The capitalist society can be divided into two social classes:
Proletariat (working class) – who sell their labour and don’t own production
Bourgeoisie – who own production and employ the proletariat.
Bourgeoisie is further divided
Wealthy bourgeoisie – do not need to work
Petty bourgeoisie – employ others and also work themselves.

Marxism and the media
Media producers maintain the status quo
Culture industries are profit motivated and often dumb down texts
Mass media is entertainment for the proletariats (workers) and often drip feeds them ideologies and beliefs (hypodermic needle)

Althusser
Ideological State Apparatuses (ISA) works alongside the Repressive State Apparatuses to maintain the bourgeois ideologies of:
Religion
Education
Family values
Legal and political system
Political system
Cultural and communication systems

Gramsci
Concept of hegemony, by maintaining certain ideologies that become ‘common sense’ allows the ruling classes to retain hegemonic control.

Eisenstein and Montage
Segei Eisenstein shunned the Hollywood narrative structure so the audience could not emotionally engage with his montage films. Instead the audience would watch something which is real.

Williams
Low culture, suitable for workers e.g. films, TV
High culture for the bourgeoisie, e.g. ballet, opera, theatre